Lab Description

 

The TCT lab is about building a Twisted-Pair Cable Tester. Students build and learn how to use the tester to check Ethernet 10Base-T or 10Base-Tx cables. Since the cable wiring configurations are the same, tester can be used with CAT3, CAT5, and CAT6 cables. The circuitry has been designed for minimal current consumption with 4 x AA batteries, so it can be easily built as a portable tester.

 

TCT circuit can detect opens, shorts, crossed wires, and crossed pairs. A counter driver applies all 8-bit combinations to the cable and compares the input with the output. The counting is stopped if a problem is detected, and the wire in question is indicated on a separate set of LED indicators. A buzzer also provides audible alert when a fault is detected.

 

Three connector sockets for the RJ45 cables accommodate both straight thru and crossed patch cables.

 

Contents of the Kit (PCB)

 

·         Dual Timer/Oscillator (1)

·         Dual 4-Bit Binary Counter (1)

·         Octal Driver/Buffer (1)

·         Dual D-Type Flip-Flop (1)

·         RJ45 Sockets (3)

·         Green LED Lamps (8)

·         Red LED Lamps (8)

·         Quad XOR Gates (2)

·         8-Input OR Gate (1)

·         Push-Button Switches (2)

·         Switching Diodes (2)

·         Piezo-electric Sounder (1)

·         Resistor Network (2)

·         Resistors and Capacitors

·         Blank PCB (1)

·         Lab Text

·         Semiconductor Data Sheets

 

 

Circuit Description

 

The circuit of the is made up of the following sections:

 

Cable Driver and Monitor:  This section includes a clock oscillator, an 8-bit counter and the cable driver. The counter cycles through all 8-bit combinations and feeds the INPUT end of the cable under test.

Fault Detector:  This section is made up of XOR gates, fault indicator LED lamps, and an 8-input OR gate. The circuitry catches and indicates any discrepancies between the data fed into the cable and data received at the other end.

Start/Stop and Control Section:  This section is made up of a dual flip-flop, and resistor-diode OR gates. The start/stop switches control the operation of the tester and are used to reset the circuit to a starting state.

Buzzer Circuit:  This section is made up of an astable oscillator and a speaker to provide the audible alert when a fault is detected.

 

Learning outcomes

 

v      Ethernet cabling specifications

v      Crossed and straight thru patch cords

v      Familiarity with the differential nature of Ethernet signals on TP cables

v      Techniques of testing cables

v      Use of cable drivers

v      Using flip-flops as start/stop control devices

v      Astable oscillator circuit

v      8-bit counters with start/stop enable gating

v      Use of XOR as an intelligent decision making device

 

Experiment Outline

 

·         Build the oscillator and the counter

·         Build the audio circuit and test

·         Build the control circuitry

·         Build the cable driver and the monitor

·         Test with a TP patch cord

·         Build the fault detector circuit

·         Complete test with a straight thru patch cord

·         Complete test with a crossed patch cord

·         Find the fault with a defective cable sample

 

Notes

 

We recommend that the circuit be built straight onto the PCB without prototyping first. Construction and verification should be extended over two or three sessions for becoming comfortable with the Ethernet cabling specifications.

 

Ordering Information

 

TCT Electronic Components & PCB Kit ..... TCT-21-AF